1. | there is/are + noun 有；存在to exist; to be present |
Is there a God? 上帝存在吗？ | |
Once upon a time there was a princess… 从前有一位公主… | |
I tried phoning but there was no answer. 我试打过电话，但没人接。 | |
There's a bank down the road. 沿马路不远有一家银行。 | |
Was there a pool at the hotel? 宾馆里有游泳池吗？ |
2. | + noun （提供名称或信息时用）used when you are naming people or things, describing them or giving more information about them |
Today is Monday. 今天是星期一。 | |
‘Who is that?’ ‘It's my brother.’ “那个人是谁？”“是我哥哥。” | |
She's a great beauty. 她是个大美人。 | |
Susan is a doctor. 苏珊是医生。 | |
He wants to be(= become) a pilot when he grows up. 他想长大后当飞行员。 | |
It's beautiful! 美呀！ | |
Life is unfair. 人生没有公平。 | |
He is ten years old. 他十岁了。 | |
‘How are you?’ ‘I'm very well, thanks.’ “你好吗？”“我很好，谢谢。” | |
Be quick! 快点！ | |
The fact is (that) we don't have enough money. 事实是我们没有那么多钱。 | |
The problem is getting it all done in the time available. 问题是要在现有的时间内把它全部完成。 | |
The problem is to get it all done in the time available. 问题是要在现有的时间内把它全部完成。 |
3. | it is/was.+ adj. （描述情况或表达想法时用）used when you are describing a situation or saying what you think about it |
It was really hot in the sauna. 桑拿浴的确很热。 | |
It's strange how she never comes to see us any more. 奇怪，她怎么再也不来看我们了。 | |
He thinks it's clever to make fun of people. 他觉得拿别人开玩笑显得聪明。 | |
It would be a shame if you lost it. 你要是把它丢了就太可惜了。 | |
It's going to be a great match. 这将是一场了不起的比赛。 |
4. | it is/was.+ noun （用于表达时间）used to talk about time |
It's two thirty. 现在是两点三十。 | |
It was late at night when we finally arrived. 我们最后到达时已是深夜。 |
5. | + noun （表示所用的材料）used to say what sth is made of |
Is your jacket real leather? 你的夹克是真皮的吗？ |
6. | [i] ~ mine, yours, etc. （表示某物所属）used to say who sth belongs to or who it is intended for |
The money's not yours, it's John's. 这钱不是你的，是约翰的。 | |
This package is for you. 这个包裹是给你的。 |
7. | + noun 花费；值to cost |
‘How much is that dress?’ ‘Eighty dollars.’ “那条连衣裙多少钱？”“八十块钱。” |
8. | + noun 等于；等同to be equal to |
Three and three is six. 三加三等于六。 | |
How much is a thousand pounds in euros? 一千英镑合多少欧元？ | |
Let x be the sum of a and b. 设 x 为 a 加 b 之和。 | |
London is not England(= do not think that all of England is like London) . 伦敦并不等于英格兰（不要以为整个英格兰都像伦敦）。 |
9. | ~ everything, nothing, etc. (to sb) （表示对某人的重要性）used to say how important sth is to sb |
Money isn't everything(= it is not the only important thing) . 金钱不是一切（不是唯一重要的东西）。 | |
A thousand dollars is nothing to somebody as rich as he is. 一千元对于像他这么富有的人来说算不上什么。 |
1. | [i] + adv./prep. 位于；在（某处）to be located; to be in a place |
The town is three miles away. 镇子距此地三英里远。 | |
If you're looking for your file, it's on the table. 你要找的文件在桌子上。 | |
Mary's upstairs. 玛丽在楼上。 |
2. | [i] + adv./prep. （在某时或某地）发生to happen at a time or in a place |
The party is on Friday evening. 聚会定于周五晚上举行。 | |
The meetings are always in the main conference room. 会议总是在主会议室进行。 |
3. | [i] + adv./prep. 留在（某地）；逗留to remain in a place |
She has been in her room for hours. 她已经在她的房间里待了几个小时了。 | |
They're here till Christmas. 他们将在这里一直住到圣诞节。 |
4. | [i] + adv./prep. 出席；到场to attend an event; to be present in a place |
I'll be at the party. 我将出席聚会。 | |
He'll be here soon(= will arrive soon) . 他很快就会到达。 |
5. | [i] + adv./prep. 前往；造访；访问to visit or call |
I've never been to Spain. 我从未去过西班牙。 | |
He had been abroad many times. 他曾多次出国。 | |
Has the postman been yet? 邮递员来过了吗？ |
6. | [i] ~ from… 出生于（某地）；来自…；是（某地的）人used to say where sb was born or where their home is |
She's from Italy. 她是意大利人。 |
Her career is the be-all and end-all of her existence. 她的事业是她生活中至关重要的事。 |
Her career is the be-all and end-all of her existence. 她的事业是她生活中至关重要的事。 |
Jill Davis that was(= before her marriage) （婚前）姓名为吉尔 ) 戴维斯 | |
the Soviet Union, as was 旧称苏联 |
Jill Davis that was(= before her marriage) （婚前）姓名为吉尔 ) 戴维斯 | |
the Soviet Union, as was 旧称苏联 |
Someone's been and parked in front of the entrance! 有人居然把车停在大门口！ |
Someone's been and parked in front of the entrance! 有人居然把车停在大门口！ |
If it weren't for you, I wouldn't be alive today. 如果不是你，我早就死了。 |
If it weren't for you, I wouldn't be alive today. 如果不是你，我早就死了。 |
Leave her be, she obviously doesn't want to talk about it. 别烦她了，她显然不想谈论这事。 | |
Let the poor dog be(= don't annoy it) . 别逗弄那条可怜的狗了。 |
Leave her be, she obviously doesn't want to talk about it. 别烦她了，她显然不想谈论这事。 | |
Let the poor dog be(= don't annoy it) . 别逗弄那条可怜的狗了。 |
his bride-to-be 他的未婚妻 | |
mothers-to-be(= pregnant women) 准妈妈 |
his bride-to-be 他的未婚妻 | |
mothers-to-be(= pregnant women) 准妈妈 |
1. | （与过去分词连用构成被动语态）used with a past participle to form the passive |
He was killed in the war. 他死于这场战争。 | |
Where were they made? 这些东西是在哪里制造的？ | |
The house was still being built. 房子还在建造中。 | |
You will be told what to do. 会有人告诉你该干什么的。 |
2. | （与现在分词连用构成进行时）used with a present participle to form progressive tenses |
I am studying Chinese. 我正在学中文。 | |
I'll be seeing him soon. 我很快就要见到他了。 | |
What have you been doing this week? 你这个星期都在做些什么？ | |
I'm always being criticized. 我总是受到批评。 |
3. | （用于反意疑问句）used to make question tags (= short questions added to the end of statements) |
You're not hungry, are you? 你不饿，对吧？ | |
Ben's coming, isn't he? 本要来，是不是？ | |
The old theatre was pulled down, wasn't it? 老戏院被拆了，对不？ |
4. | （在被动语态或进行时中代替重复的动词完整形式）used to avoid repeating the full form of a verb in the passive or a progressive tense |
Karen wasn't beaten in any of her games, but all the others were. 卡伦没有输掉任何一场比赛，但所有其他人都输过。 | |
‘Are you coming with us?’ ‘No, I'm not.’ “你和我们一起去吗？”“不，我不了。” |
5. | ~ to do sth （表示必须或应该）used to say what must or should be done |
I am to call them once I reach the airport. 我一到机场就得给他们打电话。 | |
You are to report this to the police. 你应该报警。 | |
What is to be done about this problem? 该如何处理这个问题？ |
6. | ~ to do sth （表示已安排好要做的事）used to say what is arranged to happen |
They are to be married in June. 他们计划于六月份结婚。 |
7. | ~ to do sth （表示后来发生的事）used to say what happened later |
He was to regret that decision for the rest of his life(= he did regret it) . 他终生都会后悔作出了那一决定。 |
8. | ~ not, never, etc. to be done （表示不会或没有发生时用）used to say what could not or did not happen |
Anna was nowhere to be found(= we could not find her anywhere) . 我们到处都找不到安娜。 | |
He was never to see his wife again(= although he did not know it would be so at the time, he did not see her again) . 他注定再也见不到他的妻子了。 | |
She wanted to write a successful novel, but it was not to be(= it turned out never to happen) . 她曾想写一部成功的小说，但从未如愿。 |
9. | if sb/it were to do sth….were sb/it to do sth… （表述条件）used to express a condition |
If we were to offer you more money, would you stay? 假如我们给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？ | |
Were we to offer you more money, would you stay? 假如我们给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？ |
