height and length of the recess for lateral stenosis and foraminal diameter for foraminal stenosis. Only in a minority of primary prognostic studies, included in systematic reviews evaluating ...

For lateral stenosis height and depth of the lateral recess, and for foraminal stenosis the foraminal diameter were typically used. Only four of 63 primary studies included in the systematic ...

Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD Causes of back and neck pain can include anything from a sudden injury to age-related changes over time. Spine-related pain is very common, with low back pain ...

Laminotomy, as well as foraminotomy, was performed, if necessary. For the foraminal herniated disc, a partial medial facetectomy was used, and for the extraforaminal herniated disc, an approach ...