This community is very similar to the mixedwood type except red maple is lacking and sugar maple and American beech are more common than in the lower slope hardwood-conifer type. Red spruce and ...

the Norway spruce and Douglas fir, respectively. Their study showed that enriching beech forests which naturally have few tree species does not necessarily reduce species richness or ecosystem ...

the Norway spruce and Douglas fir, respectively. The scientists used a unique empirical dataset, taking data from 40 plots of mature European beech forests across the state of Lower Saxony in Germany.