Hence, it is desirable to obtain causal information from observational data, that is, from data obtained by observing the system of interest without subjecting it to interventions. The results ...

The journal typically does not consider clinical research using off-the-shelf digital tools and artificial intelligence models, pre-clinical basic science studies, purely observational studies ...

The Arabian/Persian Gulf represents one of the most extreme marine ecosystems globally, shaped by its high salinity, temperature fluctuations, and limited water exchange. This semi-enclosed basin, ...

The findings are published in the journal Particles ... A Possible Direct Observation of Zwicky's TL Theory, Particles (2024) ...

In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 observational studies involving 96,000 adults, higher daily step counts were associated with fewer depressive symptoms in cross-sectional and ...

We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that assessed the relationship between physical activity and risk of gastric cancer. Methods Following a standard ...