Scenery around the East Tombs is most beautiful. Qing government rules designated the tomb area as geomantically favorable and forbidden to people. Fifteen tombs are arranged from east to west ...

Instead, they had to pay in silver. To keep control of trade and the foreigners arriving, the Qing government only let European traders land at the port of Guangzhou (Canton), and Europeans could ...

The Ideological Foundations of Qing Taxation sheds light on the roots of the ‘Great Divergence’ in economic development between China and Europe. A tremendous achievement that deserves to be widely ...

China's first modern national university Metropolitan University was established in 1898. In 1905 the Qing government abolished the system of imperial examinations, closed the Imperial College, and ...

The Qing Government finally made a resolute decision and dispatched Lin Zexu, Governor-General of Hubei and Hunan, to ban opium smoking and the opium trade in Guangdong.