Subsequent "dry" observations revealed that the layer is actually composed of spherical nanoparticles with diameters of several tens of nanometers. Further magnification of TEM images showed that ...

TEM uses an electron beam with a wavelength much shorter than visible light, allowing for imaging at sub-angstrom resolution, ...

Ideally, it would be possible to observe, in real-time, how nucleation (the initial growth stage where nanoparticle seeds form) and layer growth occur on the electrode. However, TEM imaging comes ...