The exact mode of action on the lower urinary tract has not been clearly demonstrated. TCAs exert anticholinergic as well as musculotropic effects. TCAs also increase bladder outlet resistance.

There are other non-infectious IUC-related adverse effects that occur the longer an indwelling urinary catheter (IUC), particularly a transurethral IUC, is used for bladder drainage. They include ...

What is an Indwelling Catheter? An indwelling urinary catheter (IUC), generally referred to as a “Foley” catheter, is a closed sterile system with a catheter and retention balloon that is inserted ...

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