Arabic manuscript on paper, 165 leaves, 9 lines to the page written in naskh in black ink, verses separated by gold rosettes with red and blue dots, within gold, red and black rules, headings in red ...

The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest-lived empires in southeastern Europe and the Middle East. It can only ...

The Ottoman Empire arose from the ashes of Byzantine ... sparing then-Christian Europe from near-certain defeat. By the 19th century, though, the empire had entered into terminal decline and ...

In the second half of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century they were subjected to the oppressions carried out by Turkish authorities and fought against the Ottoman dictatorship. But the ...

Overturning accounts that portray their clash as one of conflicting nationalisms, this pioneering study argues that geopolitical competition and the emergence of a new global interstate order provide ...

Husayn radi Allah ‘anhu, 'Husayn, may God be pleased with him'. The practice of decorating interior spaces with sets of calligraphic roundels is seen as early as the sixteenth century with ceramic ...

Built in the 19th century, the palace was used by the final Ottoman sultans as their primary residence and administrative seat. The interior and exterior architecture showcase a mix of European ...