Diagnosis of UTI is confirmed by a positive culture of an appropriate urine sample; much of the existing controversy is the result of the difficulty to obtain such a sample in young children.

Studies have demonstrated that the midstream clean-catch method of urine collection in nonpregnant ... in selected populations such as pregnant, pediatric or symptomatic patients should be considered.

Melissa R. Perrino; Anirban Das; Sarah R. Scollon; Sarah G. Mitchell; Mary-Louise C. Greer; Marielle E. Yohe; Jordan R. Hansford; Jennifer M. Kalish; Kris Ann P ...