Lithosphere - Education | National Geographic Society
2023年11月29日 · The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of Earth. The lithosphere includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, the outermost layers of Earth’s structure. It is bounded by the atmosphere above and the asthenosphere (another part of …
Mantle - Education | National Geographic Society
2024年4月30日 · The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of Earth, extending to a depth of about 100 kilometers (62 miles). The lithosphere includes both the crust and the brittle upper portion of the mantle. The lithosphere is both the coolest and the most rigid of Earth’s layers.
Biosphere - Education | National Geographic Society
2023年10月19日 · The solid surface layer of Earth is the lithosphere. The atmosphere is the layer of air that stretches above the lithosphere. The Earth’s water—on the surface, in the ground, and in the air—makes up the hydrosphere .
Tundras Explained - National Geographic Society
2023年10月19日 · Tundra ecosystems are treeless regions found in the Arctic and on the tops of mountains, where the climate is cold and windy, and rainfall is scant. Tundra lands are covered with snow for much of the year, but summer brings bursts of …
Lithosphere - Education | National Geographic Society
2023年11月29日 · The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of the Earth. It includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, the planet's outermost layers. The lithosphere is located below the atmosphere and above the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is made of melted rock that gives it a thick, sticky consistency.
Earth's Systems - Education
2023年10月19日 · The five systems of Earth (geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere) interact to produce the environments we are familiar with.
The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of the Earth. The lithosphere includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, the outermost layers of Earth’s structure.
Hydrosphere - Education | National Geographic Society
2023年10月19日 · A hydrosphere is the total amount of water on a planet. The hydrosphere includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air. A planet's hydrosphere can be liquid, vapor, or ice. On Earth, liquid water exists on the surface in the form of oceans, lakes, and rivers.
Core
2024年6月11日 · Just like the lithosphere, the inner core is divided into eastern and western hemispheres. These hemispheres don’t melt evenly, and have distinct crystalline structures. The western hemisphere seems to be crystallizing more quickly than the eastern hemisphere.
Lithosphere - Education | National Geographic Society
2023年11月29日 · The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of the Earth. It includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle as well as the crust, which is the outermost layer of the planet. The lithosphere is located below the atmosphere, which is the air that surrounds the planet, and above the asthenosphere.