Pathology Outlines - Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia
2024年4月17日 · Some of these spaces have spindle shaped myofibroblasts at their margins, simulating endothelial cells. Spindle cells usually positive for ER, PR and CD34 but negative for other vascular markers (e.g., CD31) (Breast J 2012;18:242) Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is an incidental microscopic finding in up to 23% of breast surgical ...
Pathology Outlines - Myofibroblastoma
2020年11月27日 · Definition / general. Benign spindle cell tumor of mammary stroma composed of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with recurrent monoallelic loss of 13q14 region including RB1. First recognized in 1981 and described by Wagotz in 1987 (Am J Surg Pathol 1987;11:493) When present in mesenchymal soft tissue, termed mammary type myofibroblastoma.
Pathology Outlines - Breast
Papillary carcinoma: encapsulated papillary carcinoma solid papillary carcinoma. Breast cancer: histologic grading inflammatory male invasive molecular subtypes multigene products spread and metastases triple negative breast cancer. Therapy: abemaciclib (pending) antibody drug conjugate therapy (pending) atezolizumab hormonal therapy ...
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2024年1月16日 · Lower risk of upgrade than lobular carcinoma in situ 4 - 5 times usual risk of carcinoma, higher in ipsilateral breast, higher if age < 50 years; risk increased further if ductal involvement (Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:421, Cancer 2007;109:180, Hum Pathol 1988;19:201)
Pathology Outlines - Atypical ductal hyperplasia
2022年4月19日 · Atypical ductal hyperplasia is defined by having some but not all features of low grade ductal carcinoma in situ, with low volume or size (≤ 2 spaces or including only a portion of the involved space or ≤ 2 mm in overall size). Common patterns of atypical ductal hyperplasia include cribriform, micropapillary and solid.
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Sclerosing adenosis - Pathology Outlines
2024年3月27日 · The pictured lesion is sclerosing adenosis, a benign breast lesion characterized by expansion of glands (with preserved 2 cell layers: inner epithelial and outer myoepithelial cells) within the terminal duct lobular unit with distortion by fibrosis / sclerosis. Most of the time, sclerosing adenosis lacks cytologic atypia.
Pathology Outlines - Hormone receptors
2022年11月16日 · The hormone receptors most commonly expressed in breast cancers are for sex steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone and androgen), which are involved in breast cancer behavior and treatment (Breast 2013;22:S38) These hormones activate nuclear receptors involved in gene transcription and directly control cellular functions (Cold Spring Harb ...
Pathology Outlines - Alcian blue
2023年8月2日 · Accessed November 4th, 2024. Definition / general. Common "routine" stain (not an immunohistochemical stain) to detect mucins (Wikipedia: Alcian Blue Stain [Accessed 8 August 2018]) At pH 2.5, detects acidic mucins. At pH 1.0, detects highly acidic mucins. Stained parts are blue to bluish green.