Centromere - Wikipedia
In prophase of mitosis, specialized regions on centromeres called kinetochores attach chromosomes to spindle fibers. The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division. This constricted region of chromosome connects the sister chromatids, creating a short arm (p) and a long arm (q) on the chromatids.
Centromere - National Human Genome Research Institute
2024年11月22日 · Specifically, it is the region where the cell’s spindle fibers attach. Following attachment of the spindle fibers to the centromere, the two identical sister chromatids that make up the replicated chromosome are pulled to opposite sides of the dividing cell, such that the two resulting daughter cells end up with identical DNA.
Centromere - Definition, Function and Types - Biology Dictionary
2017年4月27日 · The centromere is the point on a chromosome where mitotic spindle fibers attach to pull sister chromatids apart during cell division. When a cell seeks to reproduce itself, it must first make a complete copy of each of its chromosomes, to ensure that their daughter cell receives a full complement of the parent cell's DNA.
The molecular basis for centromere identity and function - PMC
In this review, we synthesize the research on the central features of centromere identity, the molecular basis for centromere propagation to the chromosomes of daughter cells and gametes, and the mechanisms by which the centromere recruits the kinetochore to establish a connection to spindle microtubules.
The molecular basis for centromere identity and function
2015年11月25日 · Ongoing work is providing important molecular insights into the central requirements for centromere identity and propagation, and the mechanisms by which centromeres recruit kinetochores to...
Centromeres: unique chromatin structures that drive chromosome ...
2016年5月11日 · We propose that the whole budding yeast mitotic spindle serves as a model for a single regional centromere with multiple microtubule attachments per chromosome 143, and that the cruciform structure found at budding yeast centromeres is analogous to the looping model for more complex centromeres .
Defining a core configuration for human centromeres during …
2023年12月1日 · Insight into the 3D organization of centromere components would help resolve how centromeres function on the mitotic spindle. We use ChIP-seq and super-resolution microscopy with single...
What makes a centromere? - ScienceDirect
2020年4月15日 · Centromeres are the eukaryotic chromosomal sites at which the kinetochore forms and attaches to spindle microtubules to orchestrate chromosomal segregation in mitosis and meiosis. Although centromeres are essential for cell division, their sequences are not conserved and evolve rapidly.
Centromere Structure and Function - PMC - PubMed Central (PMC)
The centromere is the genetic locus that specifies the site of kinetochore assembly, where the chromosome will attach to the kinetochore microtubule. The pericentromere is the physical region responsible for the geometry of bi-oriented sister kinetochores in metaphase.
Shaping centromeres to resist mitotic spindle forces - PubMed
2022年2月15日 · Understanding the physical structure of centromere chromatin (pericentromere in yeast), defined as the chromatin between sister kinetochores, will provide fundamental insights into how centromere DNA is woven into a stiff spring that is able to resist microtubule pulling forces during mitosis.